From analogue to IP
Analogue cameras sent the picture over coaxial cable to a recorder (DVR). An IP camera is a small computer: it compresses the picture itself and sends it over the network to a recorder (NVR), a NAS or the cloud. A single PoE cable carries both data and power.
What determines quality
- The sensor and lens matter more than the number of megapixels.
- Night vision: infrared illumination (black-and-white picture) or sensitive colour cameras.
- H.265 compression saves disk space.
- Video analytics: recognising people and vehicles greatly reduces false alerts.
Security and privacy
- Put cameras on a separate network and do not expose them directly to the internet. For remote access use a VPN or the manufacturer's trusted app.
- Change the default passwords and update the firmware.
- If you film a public space or your neighbours, keep GDPR in mind. An area watched by a camera must be clearly marked.